They just kind of plod along, trying to make the best of things. Though the genetic origin of the bulldog is debated, most believe that bull-baiting dogs of that era were descended from a mastiff-type dog. (The bulldog standard in America calls for a bulldog’s gait to be “unrestrained, free and vigorous” but concedes that the breed’s “style and carriage are peculiar.”) While I discounted several dogs for appearing overweight, the judge chose one of the larger bulldogs (Brix) as her winner and told me after the competition that she likes bulldogs to be “big and sturdy.”, What was clear to me while watching these bulldogs compete was that none could have succeeded at the breed’s original purpose. La statue de la Liberté colmarienne d’une hauteur de 12 mètres au flambeau, est réalisée en résine teintée dans la masse pour lui donner l’aspect du cuivre patiné. The result, Leavitt told me, was an athletic breed that looks similar to the bulldogs of 1820 but also has a friendly temperament. The German Shepherd Dog. That can make exercising, as well as sitting out in the sun for prolonged periods, dangerous. show in New Jersey, the breeders I spoke to denied that anything seriously ails the breed. People go crazy when they see him.” People also try to kidnap him. Trout recounted how he recently treated a bulldog that needed surgery on its elongated soft palate, a common condition for the breed in which the soft tissue at the back of the throat blocks the dog’s airways. 4.3 out of 5 stars 46. En 2004, dans le cadre des manifestations programmées pour le centenaire de la disparition d'Auguste Bartholdi, la municipalité choisit de faire installer, à l'entrée nord de la ville, une réplique de la statue de La Liberté. show. “Oh, my God, we have to take a picture,” she squealed, fumbling through her purse for her cellphone. Drag the "Image" element to the top of this page. But when the original Bambi sketches were deemed not “cute” enough, Disney shortened Bambi’s muzzle and made his head and eyes bigger. Many believe that the breed was crossed with the pug, creating a friendlier and more compact dog with a brachycephalic skull. More bulldogs have died in flight than any other breed, and some airlines refuse to transport brachycephalic breeds. To combat this, the dog-food manufacturer Royal Canin has developed a special bulldog formula with wave-shaped kibbles (they look like Fritos) that make it easier for bulldogs to grasp and chew. elevage de Bouledogue Américain /American Bulldog, lignée no 1 en europe, travail et beauté, prducteur de champions, chiots inscrits LOBA. With the outlawing of the sport in England in 1835, the original type of Bulldog disappeared from Britain and was replaced with the less athletic dog we now know as the English Bulldog.Yet the original Bulldog was preserved by immigrants who brought their working dogs with them to the American South. Unlike his father, Uga VI, who was loud and boisterous and enjoyed chasing after the school’s costumed bulldog mascot, Hairy Dawg, Uga VII seemed most comfortable in the back corner of his doghouse — or, better yet, outside the stadium entirely. to know “what is best for the breed.”), While the British Kennel Club, in addition to changing its breed standards, has banned the registration of puppies from closely related parents, the A.K.C. … “With bulldogs that barely move enough air when they’re awake, anesthesia can be dangerous,” said Dr. Lisa Moses, Angell’s director of pain-medicine service. A few months before my trip to Georgia, the British Kennel Club announced that it was revising the bulldog standard (a written template for the look and temperament of a breed) in an effort to make bulldogs sleeker and healthier. Can the bulldog be redesigned? . “If breeders were willing to breed to dogs with fewer exaggerated characteristics and judges in the show ring began rewarding those dogs, change could happen,” she said. A spokeswoman for the American Kennel Club told me that it won’t pressure the Bulldog Club of America to reconsider its decision. “It is time for the university to put an end to the cycle of suffering endured by dogs who are brought into the world solely to represent the school’s ‘brand,’ ” Kristie Phelps, of PETA, said at the time. Uga VII’s brother, Russ, served as a temporary mascot while Sonny Seiler decided on a replacement. Photograph by Andrew Bettles for The New York Times. A month later, he died. All of our Bullies are housed inside, and we make sure they live the happiest, healthiest lives … Chiots et adultes bulldog américain à vendre. 6 in 2010, one spot behind golden retrievers. B) Uga III, 1972-81. “This dog can swim — our previous bulldogs would get in the water and basically sink. Many grew up with the breed, while those who hadn’t wished they had and usually purchased a bulldog as soon as they could. The Miniature Bulldog is not a purebred dog. Jemima Harrison, the director of “Pedigree Dogs Exposed,” told me it is possible to produce a healthier phenotype in most breeds pretty quickly (in three to four generations), because there is always some variation within a breed — for example, bulldogs with slightly longer muzzles or fewer wrinkles. “No responsible show breeders I know are happy that this breed is so in fashion right now. We do use a Private ground shipper (Not a van transporter)!! When asked what they liked most about bulldogs, the breeders I spoke to usually gushed about the breed’s loving, playful temperament. This fall I went to meet Sandra Sawchuk, the chief of primary-care services at the University of Wisconsin School of Veterinary Medicine. “They are more than happy to point out problems with other breeds, but many are incapable of seeing anything wrong with theirs,” he told me. She was easily house trained and is very smart." “This is a damn good dog,” Seiler told me when I visited. “Change this dog too much, and it won’t look like a bulldog anymore,” he told me on the sideline during the game against South Carolina. There is perhaps no dog that seems more out of place at the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show than the bulldog. The tongue, the palate, it’s all compressed. Other Names. Paperback $15.97 $ 15. Many would question whether the breed’s quality of life is so compromised that its breeding should be banned.”. History: The American Bulldog originated in England, and it is a descendent of the Old English Bulldog, which was brought to North America by working class immigrants.Once introduced to America, the American Bulldog … He has a round, droopy face and wide, slumping shoulders, and his courtroom antics are often described in words associated with bulldogs: Georgia Magazine said he possessed a “barrel-chested bravura,” while John Berendt wrote that Seiler “thunders and growls” in his best-selling nonfiction book, “Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil,” in which Seiler defended a wealthy antiques dealer charged with the murder of a young hustler. Chiots Pit Bull enregistrer UKC en vente (american pit bull terrier, belgique). “A lot of people buy a breed like the bulldog without realizing just how compromised it is,” he said. “Besides, Uga gets the best veterinary care, and we do everything to keep him safe. They don’t complain. Just how breeders like George succeeded in changing the look and temperament of the bulldog is a debated question. show, “Bulldogs today are not even a figment of what they used to be.”, During a bull-bait, the bull would try to stave off attacks from one or more dogs, who hurled themselves at the animal in an attempt to latch onto its tender nose. Diane Judy, a former bulldog breeder from Tennessee who bred the current Yale mascot, told me before her death last year that she “adores” bulldogs but no longer felt comfortable breeding them. Dog Group: Non-Sporting Size: 20-27 inches tall, 60-125 lbs Lifespan: 10-15 years Energy Level: Medium Coat: Short Shedding: Moderate Hypoallergenic: No. The end result of all the compression is that many bulldogs can barely breathe.”, Dr. John Lewis, an assistant professor of dentistry and oral surgery at Ryan Veterinary Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, says the human equivalent to breathing the way some bulldogs do “would be if we walked around with our mouth or nose closed and breathed through a straw.” Lewis says that bulldogs are synonymous with brachycephalic airway syndrome, which comprises a series of respiratory abnormalities affecting the throat, nose and mouth. When the sport was banned in England in 1835, the viciousness that had served the bulldog so well became a liability. dismisses them as “poor attempts by irresponsible breeders at trying to recreate a bull-baiting dog.” When I relayed the B.C.A.’s position to Sears, he shook his head. But she took it a step further, arguing that the breed brings out a particularly strong parenting instinct in many people. “This dog is not anything like the bull-baiting dogs, which were really mean,” Connie Chambers, who has been breeding bulldogs for more than 40 years, told me at the B.C.A. C’est un excellent chien de ferme polyvalent qui est capable de tenir tête à un bovin ou à un cochon sauvage. I nodded. On the day of my visit to the clinic, I met two bulldog owners who were grateful they’d purchased insurance, including a young woman named Sherri Pickett, whose 14-month-old bulldog, Opie, had already been treated for meningitis, aspiration pneumonia, cherry eye and hip dysplasia. Exercising Your American Bulldog Give your American Bulldog regular, daily exercise. Brenda Bonnett, a consulting veterinary epidemiologist and a speaker at the conference, outlined the results of her study of Swedish dog-insurance data from 1995 to 2006. “So why not breed them that way?” I asked. Blog Post Scientists Find New Bat in West African Sky Islands The new species, described by Museum and Bat Conservation International researchers, lives in old mining tunnels. In his book “The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication,” Darwin wrote: “Some of the peculiarities characteristic of the several breeds of the dog have probably arisen suddenly, and, though strictly inherited, may be called monstrosities; for instance, the shape of the head and the under-hanging jaw in the bulldog. We feel here at Big Momma's that our French Bulldogs are family and should be treated as such. It had been nearly a year since the death of Uga VII. But Dr. Federico Calboli, the co-author of a 2008 study in the journal Genetics about the inbreeding of purebred dogs, says the modern bulldog is a very specific — and unfortunate — case. Peterson also said the A.K.C. Minimal grooming and care are required for the American bulldog’s short, fine coat, but they do shed year-round. Our old dogs would pant if they ran for a couple of minutes. That could lead to aspiration pneumonia, a serious condition in which vomit — or particles of food — are inhaled back into the dog’s airway. By the mid-1800s, there were more than 1.3 million dogs registered in England. It is a cross between the Bulldog and the Pug or the Olde Bulldog and the Pug.The best way to determine the temperament of a mixed breed is to look up all breeds in the cross and know you can get any combination of any of the characteristics found in any of the breeds in the hybrid. Find large American Bulldog puppies and dogs from a breeder near you. The bulldog has so many. show and at Westminster, just about every breeder described a lifelong love affair with bulldogs. “But what if the bulldog’s cute, short face isn’t good for its health?” I asked. “They are in denial at just how serious the problems are with bulldogs,” he said. But Uga VII’s celebrity life would be short-lived. His modeling complete, the country’s most famous dog mascot appeared ready to nap again. Though there is no recent comprehensive study in this country comparing the life spans of different breeds, a 2010 British study published in The Journal of Small Animal Practice reported that the typical bulldog lives only slightly longer than six years. Bulldog information including personality, history, grooming, pictures, videos, and the AKC breed standard. This guy can go for hours. Moses added that unlike other breeds, bulldogs don’t try to spit out the breathing tube after waking up from surgery. The last time a bulldog won best in show at Westminster was 1955, and it has been nearly 30 years since a bulldog made it out of the group competition, which pits it against other nonsporting yet decidedly higher-brow breeds — including what may be the bulldog’s aesthetic opposite, the poodle. The American Bulldog is a large breed of utility dog descended from the Old English Bulldog. Soon after my visit, the 2-year-old bulldog came down with lymphoma. American Bulldog Bible And the American Bulldog: Your Perfect American Bulldog Guide Covers American Bulldog Puppies, Mini Bulldogs, American Bulldog Training, Johnson Bulldog, And More! When Walt Disney created Bambi, the studio wanted the character to be an accurate depiction of a deer. Not wanting to “bury a third bulldog in the backyard,” Sears said he asked his vet for advice. American Bulldog x Akita mix = Bullkita; Your puppy will not take weeks to arrive when you purchase with us. That may be because, despite their health problems, bulldogs have skyrocketed up the A.K.C.’s most popular breed list, from No. 14 talking about this. In January 2009, Adam Goldfarb of the Humane Society of the United States told The Augusta Chronicle that bulldogs, often referred to as English bulldogs, are the “poster child for breeding gone awry.” The article came in response to a scathing British documentary, “Pedigree Dogs Exposed,” that highlighted the health and welfare problems of purebred dogs and claimed that breeders and the Kennel Club (the British equivalent of the American Kennel Club) were in denial about the extent of the problem. Find Bulldogs for Sale on Oodle Classifieds. “And the emotional and financial cost of these sick dogs to their owners is enormous.”, Pacelle stressed the importance of educating consumers about purebred health problems. Voir plus d'idées sur le thème bulldog anglais, bouledogue anglais, chiens et chiots. She is a very loving dog and doesn't realize that she is 95 lbs and often thinks she is a lap dog. In order to participate in these competitions, your Bulldog needs to be registered with a kennel club. He was certainly more playful than his predecessor. When she opened the doors to her rescue organization in 1999, Richin had 13 bulldogs that needed homes. The food also boasts “highly digestible proteins,” because bulldogs are the most relentless farters in the canine world. Not that there was much to see. “There is little doubt that the anatomy of the English bulldog has considerable capacity to cause suffering,” Dr. Nicola Rooney and Dr. David Sargan concluded in one of the reports, “Pedigree Dog Breeding in the U.K.: A Major Welfare Concern?” “The breed is noted to have locomotion difficulties, breathing problems, an inability to mate or give birth without assistance. At the time of my visit, though, Seiler was less concerned with people trying to take Uga than he was with people trying to change him. “Their cute, fat faces and bodies.”. “Even as adults, bulldogs look almost infantile — like plump little babies,” she told me in a hospital waiting room as Vanna WhiteTrash rolled on her back offering her belly. “It’s almost like they are blinded by their love for their dogs.”. She told me the same thing I heard from other bulldog lovers. According to A.K.C. Her boyfriend rolled his eyes, saying he didn’t really want to watch the dog defecate. But then I met the dog. This is your Instagram Slideshow. Dog mascots are a favorite target of fraternity brothers from rival schools; Uga I was nabbed twice in the 1950s and ’60s. “The more people hear about Uga and see him on TV, the more people want a bulldog,” he said. “But the B.C.A. “Inbreeding and other reckless breeding practices may not be as bloody as dogfighting or as painful to look at as puppy mills, but they may ultimately cause even more harm to the well-being of dogs,” he said. For the upper-middle class, owning a mixed breed was not an option. A few months after the Humane Society conference, The Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published a study of breed-related causes of death in American dogs. Bulldogs vying for best of breed at a show in Albuquerque. At one time, the breed was used in the grueling sport of bull baiting. Sawchuk and other vets say that it is possible to breed a healthy bulldog (“Bulldozer is proof of that,” she said), but she tells any new bulldog owner to get pet health insurance. American Bulldogs are top picks for several dog sports such as weight pulling, obedience, and the Iron Dog competition. It was my first time at a bulldog show, and I had a hard time differentiating the champion dogs from the inexperienced newcomers — or the hopelessly outmatched. “The main problem with this breed is its basic, fundamental design,” said Nancy Laste, a veterinary cardiologist who helped care for Uga V and VI when she was an intern at the University of Georgia in the early ’90s. Uga (pronounced UGH-uh) wore his trademark red Georgia jersey and spiked red leather collar, and he looked bored as an ESPN cameraman shoved a camera in his wrinkly, smooshed bulldog face. registration statistics, the bulldog was the fifth-most popular dog in America between 1910 and 1920. Sawchuk is the rare veterinarian who owns a bulldog. A) Uga I, 1956-66. . The fact is, if you study the history of true American Bulldogs, you'll find Bulldogs that look like Tom Seahorn's Bulldog of the 1920's in John D. Johnson's dogs as well. “Their flattened faces definitely make them look more human, and I think people probably respond to that in ways they aren’t aware of.”. Before the game, I sat with Seiler in the front of his S.U.V., which was parked in its usual spot near the west end of Sanford Stadium. “Is that the real Uga?” the young woman asked me. Copyright © 2017 Dogwebz.com All Rights Reserved, WE SPECIALIZE IN XL AND XXL AMERICAN BULLIES. International Shipping rates vary, so Please contact us for your Quote. Last spring, I met Mike Sears, a longtime B.C.A. (Statistics released in 2010 by the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals revealed that bulldogs have the highest rate of hip dysplasia of any breed.). That echoed something I heard from James Serpell, the director of the Center for the Interaction of Animals and Society at the University of Pennsylvania. Seiler bears a striking resemblance to the Georgia bulldogs he has cared for since 1956. General Appearance. “They also have no idea how to differentiate a ‘responsible’ breeder from an irresponsible one.”, I heard the same thing from Laurette Richin of the Long Island Bulldog Rescue. Some of the more than 60 bulldogs in attendance appeared to move around the show ring better than others, which several show breeders confirmed to me was something that most judges value. Though a number of breeds were discussed at the conference (including the Cavalier King Charles spaniel, which is beset with severe heart and neurological diseases), the bulldog stole the show. The American Bulldog temperament is similar to that of the English Bulldog, consisting of a gentle, quiet nature, mixed with strong protective instincts. Sargan made reference to the Dalmatian, which was beset with kidney stones until it was crossbred with a single pointer and then backcrossed to Dalmatians. But if anyone else tells me they want a bulldog, my immediate response is, ‘No, you don’t.’ ”, On the day of my visit, Sawchuk’s two bulldogs — Bulldozer, an 8-year-old male, and Vanna WhiteTrash, a 7-year-old female — were alternately sleeping and meandering around one of the veterinary clinic’s indoor dog runs. “If you change the look of this dog, it’s not going to look like a bulldog,” she countered. Feb 1, 2020 - Explore Fabiana Ventriglia's board "American Bulldogs", followed by 210 people on Pinterest. The breed is a rare bit of good news for the A.K.C., which is suffering a long-term decline in registrations. Le Olde English Bulldogge est un chien de ferme aux qualités exceptionnelles, utilisé comme chien de garde, bouvier et chien de chasse. Bulldogs were noted in all three reports as a breed in need of an intervention, with one going so far as to question whether it is ethically defensible to continue breeding them at all. Even something as basic as eating is complicated by the bulldog’s unusual physique. A breed that has trouble doing those two things is, by definition, in trouble.”. Air travel is especially risky. “Nobody would want those dogs today.”. “Bulldogs today look good, have excellent temperament and are healthier than in years past as a result of good breeding practices.” During a conference call, B.C.A. They are now used on animal farms, dog sports, and for showing.They are part of American culture and history, and may be used as a cultural icon for the United States. When our last bulldog died, some of our bulldog friends were like, ‘You sure you don’t want another?’ We said, ‘No, I think we’re going to break from the pack here a little.’ ”, The A.K.C. But at the B.C.A. Le site d’implantation retenu privilégie l’accès le plus "passant" possible vers le cœur de la cité. “Bulldogs clearly would benefit from more snout,” Lewis says. (American bulldogs are strong, well-built dogs commonly mistaken for pit bulls.) 41 in 1973 to No. This is your Instagram Gallery. Sears did some research and eventually reached out to David Leavitt, who began developing the Old English bulldogge breed in 1971. “They have goofy and lovable personalities that are incredibly endearing,” she said. She is overweight, arthritic and missing part of her left jaw, a result of an operation to remove a tumor. A peculiarity suddenly arising, and therefore in one sense deserving to be called a monstrosity, may however be increased and fixed by man’s selection.”, Many in England and the United States couldn’t get enough of the breed. The American Bulldog was recognized by the United Kennel Club on January 1, 1999. spokeswoman, said. Uga VII hopped on, and a young woman drove us out the stadium’s back service entrance, up a hill, around some bends to an unspectacular patch of grass that doubles as the dog’s game-day bathroom. But, you must go back to the 1960's and 1970's to find them. But he is shocked by the inability of some to look critically at their own breed. “It’s almost like they’re saying, ‘Finally, I can breathe!’ ”. “It’s a defective and unworkable design.”. “Bulldog breeders will insist that their dogs are happy and have a very good life,” Serpell said. Affectueux et loyal, il développe de bons rapports avec tous les membres de la famille. “As animal lovers, we obviously would not continue perpetuating suffering dogs,” Elizabeth Hugo Milam, a bulldog breeder who was formerly the head of the B.C.A.’s health committee, told me. “When he eats, I have to be ready to burp him, because sometimes he’ll take in too much food and air and throw up,” she said. Last year’s best-of-breed bulldog winner was a relative newcomer — a 2-year-old, 57-pound white bulldog named Brix — who took the top honor despite nearly falling off a … In many ways, dogs are their own worst enemy. Dogs cool themselves by breathing, so breeds like the bulldog overheat easily. This is the American Bulldog, a breed that almost literally came back from the dead to become widely popular as both a working dog and a family pet. They have little tiny nostrils. “Because if you elongate the face, it becomes a different dog,” he said. After losing my Luke to cancer it was a really hard decision to consider getting another dog. The American Bulldog is an alert, friendly dog and very family oriented. Irresponsible breeders are producing unhealthy dogs.”, That is undeniably true, but there remains an unwillingness on the part of Sickle and other bulldog show breeders to acknowledge what I heard from veterinarians across the country. “They can’t see the forest through the trees. “I love you Uga,” she said as she scampered off to catch up to her boyfriend, who had shuffled away. Hybrid American Bulldogs The Classic Bulldog is usually less guardy and can sometimes be lazy, but when mixed with the standard type can add size and bone which can be more suitable for a particular work function. She told conference attendees that bulldogs are significantly more likely than other dogs to suffer from a wide range of health issues, including ear and eye problems, skin infections, respiratory issues, immunological and neurological problems and locomotor challenges. Ils ont ensuite reçu le nom d'American Bulldog pour ne plus les confondre avec le Pitbull. Serpell says that our human tendency toward anthropomorphic selection — which he defines as “selection in favor of physical and behavioral traits that facilitate the attribution of human mental states to animals” — is partly responsible for the modern bulldog’s predicament. Of the four bulldogs Sawchuk has owned during the last decade, only Bulldozer has been in good health. Last year’s best-of-breed bulldog winner was a relative newcomer — a 2-year-old, 57-pound white bulldog named Brix — who took the top honor despite nearly falling off a ramp after being inspected by a judge in the show ring. Not everyone was happy that Seiler planned to choose another live bulldog as the school’s mascot. Like each of his predecessors, he was formally laid to rest in a mausoleum in the southwest corner of Sanford Stadium. Bulldog baseball mascot, May 1917. “A typical breed will have one or two common problem areas. I asked Chambers what she liked most about the look of a bulldog. When the dog was done, Charles ordered us all back on the cart. I knew I wanted another American Bulldog like my Luke. When the cart came to a stop, Uga VII bounded off it and spent the next few minutes happily sniffing the grass, urinating on a tree and defecating behind a bush. But the joke gets old fast, because many of these dogs are suffering.”. PETA wrote a letter to Georgia’s athletic director asking him to use an “animatronic dog” or to rely solely on the school’s costumed bulldog mascot. In general, they will only be seen with a flat face, but some of them may have a small muzzle as a result of poor breeding. NOTE: Any elements that you drag into the dashed area below will appear near the bottom of all your pages. Blog Post Researchers Find a New Hidden Gene in COVID-19 Virus Hard-to-spot overlapping genes can advance efforts to find new ways of controlling the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Des gladiateurs du … Élevage Doreval est un élevage professionnel de bouledogues anglais en milieu familial qui mise énormément sur la qualité et la beauté de ses chiens issus de lignées de champions. “It won’t look like a bulldog anymore.”, On the rare occasions that bulldog breeders did admit to serious health problems with their breed, they blamed unscrupulous breeders motivated by the growing popularity of bulldogs. “But a dog can love its owner and be happy at times, but that doesn’t mean his life isn’t needlessly compromised. That’s how I see many bulldogs. He appeared to relish the attention of the Georgia cheerleaders, but he had yet to perfect a critical element of a dog mascot’s game-day responsibilities — the speedy halftime bathroom break. The Bulldog Club of America (BCA) has a membership application fee of $30. Crossbreeding is not a panacea, but Bateson and Sargan — the authors of two of the three independent dog-breeding reports in England — told me that it would most likely be needed to save the bulldog. It’s also free to list your available puppies and litters on our site. In the first half of Georgia’s football game against South Carolina in 2009, Uga VII, who had been dozing on a bag of ice in his air-conditioned sideline doghouse, was cajoled onto the field to pose for pictures with some cheerleaders and Gov. As time went by the house felt empty even though we had our Boxer Lucie. doesn’t recognize the Leavitt or the Old English bulldogge as breeds, and the B.C.A. The American standard still calls for the breed to have a “massive, short-faced head,” a “heavy, thick-set, low-swung body,” a “very short” face and muzzle and a “massive” and “undershot” jaw. She added that the B.C.A. Le bouledogue américain est un bon chien de famille. In his 1845 book “The Dog,” the veterinarian William Youatt dismissed the bulldog in much the way many describe modern pit bulls: he wrote that the breed was “scarcely capable of any education” and “fitted for nothing but ferocity and combat.”. “Uga is a celebrity,” Seiler explained to me as he cracked open a beer. The new bulldog standard in England calls for a “relatively” short face, a slightly smaller head and less-pronounced facial wrinkling. Sonny Perdue. A l'époque, ils étaient appelés American Pit Bulldog. “He said it was closer to what bulldogs used to look like and that they are more athletic and generally healthier than English bulldogs,” Sears recalled.
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